• Am. J. Med. · Dec 2018

    Review

    Nonanesthetic Effects of Ketamine: AReviewArticle.

    • Jabril Eldufani, Alireza Nekoui, and Gilbert Blaise.
    • Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: Jabril.Eldufani@umontreal.ca.
    • Am. J. Med. 2018 Dec 1; 131 (12): 1418-1424.

    AbstractKetamine is considered a dissociative anesthetic medication, and it is commonly administered by a parenteral route. It works mainly by blocking the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. It inhibits the voltage-gated Na and K channels and serotonin and dopamine reuptake; also, it affects specific receptors, such as α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid, kainate, and aminobutyric acid A receptors. Ketamine appears to have particular mechanisms that are potentially involved during analgesic induction, including enhancing of descending inhibition and antiinflammatory effects. More recently, it has been shown that ketamine has potential in clinical practice for the management of chronic pain, cognitive function, depression, acute brain injury, and disorders of the immune system.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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