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Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol · Jun 2018
ReviewAdjunct medications for peripheral and neuraxial anesthesia.
- Patrick Ifesinachi Emelife, Matthew R Eng, Bethany L Menard, Andrew S Myers, Elyse M Cornett, Richard D Urman, and Alan D Kaye.
- Department of Anesthesiology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Room 653, 1542 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA. Electronic address: pemeli@lsuhsc.edu.
- Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2018 Jun 1; 32 (2): 83-99.
AbstractRegional and neuraxial anesthesia can provide a safer perioperative experience, greater satisfaction, reduced opioid consumption, and reduction of pain, while minimizing side effects. Ultrasound technology has aided clinicians in depositing local anesthetic medication in precise proximity to targeted peripheral nerves. There are a plethora of adjuvants that have been utilized to prolong local anesthetic actions and enhance effects in peripheral nerve blocks. This manuscript describes the current state of the use of adjuncts, e.g., dexmedetomidine, dexamethasone, clonidine, epinephrine, etc., in regional anesthesia. Additionally, evidence behind dosing and block prolongation is summarized along with patient outcomes, adverse effects, and future directions.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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