• Vernon R Curran, Diana Deacon, Henry Schulz, Katherine Stringer, Craig N Stone, Norah Duggan, and Heidi Coombs-Thorne.
• Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada. Electronic address: vcurran@mun.ca.
• J Surg Educ. 2018 Sep 1; 75 (5): 1211-1222.

ObjectiveEntrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) are explicit, directly observable tasks requiring the demonstration of specific knowledge, skills, and behaviors that learners are expected to perform without direct supervision once they have gained sufficient competence. Undergraduate level implementation of EPAs is relatively new. We examined the characteristics of a workplace assessment form (clinic card) as part of a formative programmatic assessment process of EPAs for a core undergraduate surgery rotation.DesignA clinic card was introduced to assess progression towards EPA achievement in the clerkship curriculum phase. Students completing their core eight (8) week clerkship surgery rotation submitted at least 1 clinic card per week. We compiled assessment scores for the 2015 to 2016 academic year, in which EPAs were introduced, and analyzed relationships between scores and time, EPA, training site, and assessor role. We surveyed preceptors and students, and conducted a focus group with clinical discipline coordinators of all core rotations.SettingThis study took place at the Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University in St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada.ParticipantsThird year medical students (n = 79) who completed their core eight (8) week surgery clerkship rotation during the 2015 to 2016 academic year, preceptors, and clinical discipline coordinators participated in this study.ResultsEPAs reflecting tasks commonly performed by students were more likely to be assessed. EPAs frequently observed during preceptor-student encounters had higher entrustment ratings. Most EPAs showed increased entrustment scores over time and no significant differences in ratings between teaching sites nor preceptors and residents. Survey and focus group feedback suggest clinic cards fostered direct observation by preceptors and promoted constructive feedback on clinical tasks. A binary rating scale (entrustable/pre-entrustable) was not educationally beneficial.ConclusionsThe findings support the feasibility, utility, catalytic and educational benefits of clinic cards in assessing EPAs in a core surgery rotation in undergraduate medical education.Copyright © 2018 Association of Program Directors in Surgery. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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