• Kay Choong See, Joo Wei Chua, Danielle Verstegen, Jeroen J G Van Merrienboer, and Walther N Van Mook.
• Division of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, University Medicine Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore; Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address: kay_choong_see@nuhs.edu.sg.
• J Crit Care. 2019 Feb 1; 49: 50-55.

PurposeEchocardiography is increasingly being taught to intensive care unit residents. Current training methods require teachers to closely supervise trainees individually, and are time-intensive. To reduce the time burden, dyad training (training in pairs) under simulation conditions has been shown to be non-inferior to individual training. We aimed to validate these preliminary results for focused subcostal echocardiography (FSE), in an authentic clinical context.Materials And MethodsWe conducted a quasi-experimental study within a 20-bed medical intensive care unit from June 2016 to March 2017. For supervised practice, residents were divided into individual versus dyad training groups. Residents then performed at least five FSE examinations, which were remotely scored by a blinded observer for image quality and correct interpretation. The main outcome measure was the mean composite image quality and interpretation score for the first five echoes done under indirect supervision (composite score range 1-8).Results16 residents received individual training and 17 residents received dyad training. The mean composite score did not differ between the individual and dyad training groups (6.0 ± 0.4 versus 5.9 ± 0.4, 95% CI of difference - 0.2 to 0.4).ConclusionsAssuming a 1-point non-inferiority threshold for the mean composite score, dyad training for FSE was non-inferior to individual training.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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