• Fabrice Michel, Thomas Vacher, Florence Julien-Marsollier, Christophe Dadure, Jean-Vincent Aubineau, Corinne Lejus, Nada Sabourdin, Eric Woodey, Gilles Orliaguet, Christopher Brasher, and Souhayl Dahmani.
• From the Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, La TimoneHospital (FM), Espace Ethique Méditerranéen, UMR 7268, Aix-Marseille Université, HôpitalTimone, Marseille Cedex 05 (FM), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Robert Debré University Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris Diderot University, Paris Sorbonne Cité (TV, FJ-M, SD), Paris Diderot University (Paris VII), PRES Paris Sorbonne Cité, Paris (TV, FJ-M, SD), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Lapeyronie University Hospital (CD), Institut de Neuroscience de Montpellier, Unité INSERM U1051, Montpellier (CD), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôtel Dieu Hospital, Nantes (VA, CL), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôpital Armand Trousseau, Paris (NS), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Anne de Bretagne Hospital, Rennes (EW), Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Necker-Enfant Malades Hospital, Paris, France (GO), Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Royal Children's Hospital (CB), Anaesthesia and Pain Management Research Group, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (CB) and DHU PROTECT, INSERM U1141, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France (SD).
• Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2018 Dec 1; 35 (12): 919-928.

BackgroundPeri-operative respiratory adverse events (PRAEs) in paediatric patients with upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) remain inadequately explored in patients allowed to proceed to anaesthesia and surgery.ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and risk factors of PRAE in children with URTI allowed to proceed to anaesthesia.DesignMulticentre cohort study performed over 6 months in France.SettingSixteen centres with dedicated paediatric anaesthetists.PatientsEligible patients were aged from 0 to 18 years with URTI symptoms on admission or a history of such over the preceding 4 weeks.Main OutcomesThe primary outcome of the study was to determine predictors of PRAE. Secondary outcomes were: predictors of peri-operative arterial desaturation and of the decision to proceed with anaesthesia and surgery in children with URTI.ResultsOverall, 621 children were included and 489 (78.7%) anaesthetised. Of those anaesthetised, 165 (33.5%) and 97 (19.8%) experienced PRAE and arterial desaturation, respectively. Factors predictive of PRAE included patient age, tracheal intubation and the absence of midazolam premedication. Factors predictive of peri-operative arterial desaturation included patient age, anaesthetist experience, endoscopic procedures and the presence of other PRAE. Factors predicting proceeding to anaesthesia in the context of URTI included anaesthetist experience, emergency procedures and the absence of severe URTI symptoms.ConclusionThe risk of PRAE in patients anaesthetised in the presence of URTI was similar to previous publications - close to 30%. In the light of our findings, first, current rescheduling indications should be questioned, and second, further medical and organisational strategies should be investigated to reduce PRAE in children with URTI.Trial RegistrationThe study was registered in the European Networks of Centers for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (EUPAS16436).

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