• Chance R Anderson and Breena R Taira.
• University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Davis, CA, United States.
• Resuscitation. 2018 Jun 1; 127: 1-7.

BackgroundThe Train the Trainer (TTT) model is increasingly used in limited resource settings as a mechanism to disseminate resuscitation knowledge and skills among providers. Anecdotally, however, many resuscitation programs that use this model fail to achieve sustainability.ObjectiveWe aim to systematically review the literature to describe the evidence for the TTT method of knowledge dissemination for resuscitation courses in limited resource settings.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review of the literature in accordance with PRISMA guidelines of the PubMed, Cochrane Library, MEDLARS online (MEDLINE), and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) databases.ResultsEleven manuscripts met inclusion criteria, the majority (7/11) focused on neonatal resuscitation. We found strong evidence for the TTT model for imparting knowledge and skills on providers, however, little evidence exists for the impact of these programs on patient outcomes or long term sustainability. Facilitators associated with successful programming include the use of language and resource appropriate materials, support from the Ministry of Health of the country, and economic support for supplies and salaries.ConclusionWhile the TTT model of programming for the dissemination of resuscitation education is promising, further research is necessary especially relating to sustainability and impact on patient outcomes. Familiarity with the local environment, language, culture, resources and economic realities prior to the initiation of programming is key to success.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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