• Injury · May 2019

    Multicenter Study

    Identification of thoracic injuries by emergency medical services providers among trauma patients.

    • Eveline A J van Rein, Robin D Lokerman, Rogier van der Sluijs, Jesper Hjortnaes, Rob A Lichtveld, Leenen Luke P H LPH Department of Traumatology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: L.P.H.Leenen@umcutrecht.nl., and Mark van Heijl.
    • Department of Traumatology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Electronic address: evelinevanrein@gmail.com.
    • Injury. 2019 May 1; 50 (5): 1036-1041.

    IntroductionSevere thoracic injuries are time sensitive and adequate triage to a facility with a high-level of trauma care is crucial. The emergency medical services (EMS) providers are required to identify patients with a severe thoracic injury to transport the patient to the right hospital. However, identifying these patients on-scene is difficult. The accuracy of prehospital assessment of potential thoracic injury by EMS providers of the ground ambulances is unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the assessment of the EMS provider in the identification of a thoracic injury and determine predictors of a severe thoracic injury.MethodsIn this multicentre cohort study, all trauma patients aged 16 and over, transported with a ground erence standard. Prehospital variables were analysed using logistic regression to explore prehospital ambulance to a trauma centre, were evaluated. The diagnostic value of EMS provider judgment was determined using the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) of ≥ 1 in the thoracic region as ref predictors of a severe thoracic injury (AIS ≥ 3).ResultsIn total 2766 patients were included, of whom 465 (16.8%) sustained a thoracic injury and 210 (7.6%) a severe thoracic injury. The EMS providers' judgment had a sensitivity of 54.8% and a specificity of 92.6% for the identification of a thoracic injury. Significant independent prehospital predictors were: age, oxygen saturation, Glasgow Coma Scale, fall > 2 m, and suspicion of inhalation trauma or a thoracic injury by the EMS provider.ConclusionEMS providers could identify little over half of the patients with a thoracic injury. A supplementary triage protocol to identify patients with a thoracic injury could improve prehospital triage of these patients. In this supplementary protocol, age, vital signs, and mechanism criteria could be included.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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