• Lin Ma, Yifei Liu, Jing Zhang, Qing Yang, Guanghe Li, and Dayi Zhang.
• School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
• Sci. Total Environ. 2018 Jun 1; 626: 1148-1156.

AbstractGroundwater pollution by emerging contaminants, such as pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), has caused increasing concerns around the world. The vadose zone is an active zone where lithosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere interact. It is an important medium for PPCPs removal and entry into groundwater from irrigation using wastewater or polluted surface water. In the present study, the occurrence and distribution of eleven PPCPs in areas with a vadose zone (up to 16 m) was investigated from wastewater irrigated farmland, groundwater irrigated farmland and a seasonal river course in Beijing (China). Nine out of eleven PPCPs were detectable, and carbamazepine and caffeine had the highest detection frequencies, above 50%. The PPCPs were detectable deep in 16 m below ground level (bgl), and their concentrations ranged from Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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