• Tariq F Al-Shaiji, Mariam A Malallah, Said M Yaiesh, Abdullatif E Al-Terki, and Magdy M Hassouna.
• Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Amiri Hospital, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
• Neuromodulation. 2018 Dec 1; 21 (8): 805-808.

IntroductionSacral neuromodulation (SNM) is a safe and effective therapy for patients with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). It is used in patients who have exhausted conservative and first line therapeutic options. The selection of eligible candidates could predict a successful therapeutic outcome. Although many factors have been identified, psychological/psychiatric disturbances are neither well understood nor are routinely evaluated prior to implantation.Case ReportsWe report three cases where identified psychological/psychiatric disturbances post-implantation could have influenced explantation in an otherwise successful implantation of SNM device assessed both subjectively and objectively. The device had to be explanted in two of the three. One more patient has requested but has not-yet undergone explantation and is receiving treatment for severe depression. One of the explanted cases has successfully undergone re-implantation after successful treatment of her diagnosed psychological condition, while the other's request for re-implantation has not yet been fulfilled.ConclusionsPsychological/psychiatric disturbance have possibly affected the treatment outcome and explantation of SNM in our patients despite a high success in resolution of the urinary symptoms. Addressing such disturbances when determining patient eligibility for SNM therapy could reduce the explantation rate after a successful therapeutic response, and is an interesting point of interest for future research into predictors of successful SNM implantation and therapy.© 2017 International Neuromodulation Society.

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