• C Ricardo Ramirez, M L Álvarez Gómez, C A Agudelo Vélez, S Zuluaga Penagos, R A Consuegra Peña, K Uribe Hernández, I C Mejía Gil, E M Cano Londoño, M Elorza Parra, and J G Franco Vásquez.
• Grupo de Investigación en Psiquiatría de Enlace, Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia. Electronic address: carmenza.ricardo@upb.edu.co.
• Med Intensiva. 2019 Apr 1; 43 (3): 147-155.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical characteristics, prevalence and factors associated with delirium in critical patients from 5 to 14 years of age.DesignAn analytical, cross-sectional observational study was made. Delirium was assessed with the Pediatric-Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (pCAM-ICU) and motor classification was established with the Delirium Rating Scale Revised-98.SettingA pediatric Intensive Care Unit.PatientsAll those admitted over a one-year period were assessed during the first 24-72h, or when possible in deeply sedated patients.Exclusion CriteriaPatients in stupor or coma, with severe communication difficulty, subjected to deep sedation throughout admission, and those with denied consent.ResultsTwenty-nine of the 156 assessed patients suffered delirium (18.6%) and 55.2% were hypoactive. The neurocognitive alterations evaluated by the pCAM-ICU were similar in the three motor groups. Intellectual disability (OR=17.54; 95%CI: 3.23-95.19), mechanical ventilation (OR=18.80; 95%CI: 4.29-82.28), liver failure (OR=54.88; 95%CI: 4.27-705.33), neurological disease (OR=4.41; 95%CI: 1.23-15.83), anticholinergic drug use (OR=3.23; 95%CI: 1.02-10.26), different psychotropic agents (OR=4.88; 95%CI: 1.42-16.73) and tachycardia (OR=4.74; 95%CI: 1.21-18.51) were associated to delirium according to the logistic regression analysis.ConclusionThe frequency of delirium and hypoactivity was high. It is therefore necessary to routinely evaluate patients with standardized instruments. All patients presented with important neurocognitive alterations. Several factors related with the physiopathology of delirium were associated to the diagnosis; some of them are modifiable through the rationalization of medical care.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier España, S.L.U. y SEMICYUC. All rights reserved.

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