• Megan Obi and Kaine Onwuzulike.
• Case Western Reserve School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
• World Neurosurg. 2019 May 1; 125: 19-22.

BackgroundHyponatremia in the neonatal population is an uncommon occurrence and can be associated with significant increase in morbidity and mortality. In the neonatal population, it is typically associated with an excess of antidiuretic hormone and rarely has been found to be associated with hydrocephalus, short of being caused by the subsequent treatment of hydrocephalus.Case DescriptionWe present a case report of a patient with neonatal hydrocephalus, secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage in the setting of prematurity, treated at our institution, in whom sodium levels reached a nadir as head circumference peaked and subsequent treatment of hydrocephalus resolved the associated hyponatremia.ConclusionsHydrocephalus secondary to intraventricular hemorrhage is a notable complication in the premature neonatal population. Physicians should be aware of its potential association with hyponatremia and consider early neurosurgical intervention when other etiologies of the electrolyte disturbance cannot be identified.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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