• Carmen Andrea Pfortmueller, Maria Teresa Barbani, Joerg Christian Schefold, Elias Hage, Albert Heim, and Stefan Zimmerli.
• Department of Intensive Care, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 10, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: carmen.pfortmueller@insel.ch.
• J Crit Care. 2019 Jun 1; 51: 9910499-104.

AbstractSevere pneumonia and ARDS caused by human adenovirus B21 infections (HAdV-B21) is a rare, but a devastating disease with rapid progression to multiorgan failure and death. However, only a few cases were reported so far. Infections appear associated with increased disease severity and higher mortality in infected critically ill patients. Possible factors contributing to infection are underlying psychiatric disease resulting in institutionalization of respective patients, and polytoxicomania. Controlled data on the therapy of severe adenovirus infections are lacking and remains experimental. In conclusion, data on HAdV-B21 infections causing severe pneumonia or ARDS are scarce. Controlled clinical trials on the therapy of adenovirus pneumonia are non existent and thus there is no established therapy so far. ICU physicians should be aware of this potentially devastating disease and further studies are needed.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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