• Rachel B Jimenez, Roshan Sethi, Nicolas Depauw, Margaret B Pulsifer, Judith Adams, Sean M McBride, David Ebb, Barbara C Fullerton, Nancy J Tarbell, Torunn I Yock, and Shannon M Macdonald.
• Harvard Radiation Oncology Program, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. rbjimenez@partners.org
• Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 2013 Sep 1; 87 (1): 120-6.

PurposeTo report the early outcomes for very young children with medulloblastoma or supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumor (SPNET) treated with upfront chemotherapy followed by 3-dimensional proton radiation therapy (3D-CPT).Methods And MaterialsAll patients aged <60 months with medulloblastoma or SPNET treated with chemotherapy before 3D-CPT from 2002 to 2010 at our institution were included. All patients underwent maximal surgical resection, chemotherapy, and adjuvant 3D-CPT with either craniospinal irradiation followed by involved-field radiation therapy or involved-field radiation therapy alone.ResultsFifteen patients (median age at diagnosis, 35 months) were treated with high-dose chemotherapy and 3D-CPT. Twelve of 15 patients had medulloblastoma; 3 of 15 patients had SPNET. Median time from surgery to initiation of radiation was 219 days. Median craniospinal irradiation dose was 21.6 Gy (relative biologic effectiveness); median boost dose was 54.0 Gy (relative biologic effectiveness). At a median of 39 months from completion of radiation, 1 of 15 was deceased after a local failure, 1 of 15 had died from a non-disease-related cause, and the remaining 13 of 15 patients were alive without evidence of disease recurrence. Ototoxicity and endocrinopathies were the most common long-term toxicities, with 2 of 15 children requiring hearing aids and 3 of 15 requiring exogenous hormones.ConclusionsProton radiation after chemotherapy resulted in good disease outcomes for a small cohort of very young patients with medulloblastoma and SPNET. Longer follow-up and larger numbers of patients are needed to assess long-term outcomes and late toxicity.Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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