• Mark R Jones, Matthew B Novitch, Syena Sarrafpour, Ken P Ehrhardt, Benjamin B Scott, Vwaire Orhurhu, Omar Viswanath, Alan D Kaye, Jatinder Gill, and Thomas T Simopoulos.
• Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. mjones13@bidmc.harvard.edu.
• Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2019 May 1; 23 (6): 40.

Purpose Of ReviewOpioid misuse and abuse in the USA has evolved into an epidemic of tragic pain and suffering, resulting in the estimated death of over 64,000 people in 2016. Governmental regulation has escalated alongside growing awareness of the epidemic's severity, both on the state and federal levels.Recent FindingsThis article reviews the timeline of government interventions from the late 1990s to today, including the declaration of the opioid crisis as a national public health emergency and the resultant changes in funding and policy across myriad agencies. Aspects of the cultural climate that fuel the epidemic, and foundational change that may promote sustained success against it, are detailed within as well. As a consequence of misuse and abuse of opioids, governmental regulation has attempted to safeguard society, and clinicians should appreciate changes and expectations of prescribers.

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