• Mallory Perry, Kyle Baumbauer, Erin E Young, Susan G Dorsey, Jacquelyn Y Taylor, and Angela R Starkweather.
• University of Connecticut School of Nursing, Storrs, Connecticut. Electronic address: Mallory.perry@uconn.edu.
• Pain Manag Nurs. 2019 Jun 1; 20 (3): 198206198-206.

ObjectivesChronic postsurgical pain is pain that develops and persists for at least 3 months after a surgical procedure. The purpose of this review was to discover what evidence exists regarding the influence of race and ethnicity on postoperative pain intensity and what evidence exists regarding the influence of genetic polymorphisms on postoperative pain intensity.DesignIntegrative literature review.Data SourcesCINAHL, PsychInfo, SCOPUS, and PubMed/Medline databases were searched for entries within the last 10 years. Sources included primary research investigating the relationship among race, ethnicity, and genetics in postoperative pain outcomes.Review/Analysis MethodsStudies adhered to a strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were utilized to evaluate and assess manuscripts for inclusion.ResultsTwelve manuscripts were included for final review. There are significantly higher preoperative and postoperative pain intensity scores reported between African American and Hispanic individuals compared with non-Hispanic whites. Although some studies identified that non-Hispanic whites consumed more opioids and reported increased pain, there were no significant differences in opioid requirements in Hispanic and non-Hispanic individuals. COMT and OPRM1 were the most identified genetic polymorphisms associated with postoperative pain intensity.ConclusionsThe literature varies with respect to race, ethnicity, and postoperative pain perception. Perioperative pain intensity has been suggested as a significant predictor of chronic postsurgical pain. COMT and OPRM1 may be associated with higher pain perception after surgical procedures.Copyright © 2019. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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