• Frédéric Duprez, Arnaud Bruyneel, Shahram Machayekhi, Marie Droguet, Yves Bouckaert, Serge Brimioulle, Gregory Cuvelier, and Gregory Reychler.
• ICU, Epicura Hospital, Hornu, Belgium, the Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Pole de Pneumologie, ORL & Dermatologie, Service de Pneumologie, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium, and the Laboratoire de l'Effort et du Mouvement Condorcet, Tournai, Belgium. frederic.duprez@epicura.be.
• Respir Care. 2019 Aug 1; 64 (8): 908-914.

BackgroundHigh-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy is used to deliver an FIO2 from 0.21 to 1.0. The double-trunk mask (DTM) is a device designed to increase the FIO2 in patients with a high inspiratory flow demand. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of DTM in hypoxemic subjects already receiving HFNC.MethodsWe report a prospective multi-center crossover pilot study including 15 subjects treated with HFNC for acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Measurements were performed at the end of 30-min periods with HFNC only, with HFNC + DTM, and again with HFNC only.ResultsCompared with HFNC alone, HFNC + DTM increased PaO2 from 68 ± 14 mm Hg to 85 ± 22 mm Hg (P < .001) and did not affect PaCO2 (P = .18). In the 11 responders, the PaO2 increased from 63 ± 12 mm Hg to 88 ± 23 mm Hg (P < .001). No complications were reported during DTM use.ConclusionIn subjects receiving oxygen via HFNC, the addition of the DTM over the HFNC increased PaO2 without changing the PaCO2 .Copyright © 2019 by Daedalus Enterprises.

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