• Gabriela Chojnacka-Szawłowska, Wojciech Kloc, Agata Zdun-Ryżewska, Krzysztof Basiński, Mikołaj Majkowicz, Wojciech Leppert, Patryk Kurlandt, and Witold Libionka.
• Department of Psychology, University of Economic and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
• Pain Manag Nurs. 2019 Dec 1; 20 (6): 599-603.

BackgroundAnxiety and depression are known comorbidities of chronic back pain. Their psychological predictors are not well established in patients with chronic back pain qualified for neurosurgery.AimsThe purpose of this study was to determine the psychological predictors of depression and anxiety in patients with chronic back pain qualified for surgery.DesignThis was a cross-sectional study.SettingsA neurosurgical ward in Gdańsk, Poland.Participants/SubjectsAll patients who were admitted to the neurosurgical ward and met the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study. Finally, 83 patients with chronic back pain waiting for surgery were recruited.MethodsA battery of questionnaires, including Illness Perceptions Questionnaire-Revised, Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Brief Pain Inventory, was used in 83 spinal surgery candidates.ResultsHigher anxiety was predicted by stronger beliefs about negative consequences of illness (β = .205, p < .05), worse illness coherence (β = .204, p < .05), negative emotional representations of illness (β = .216, p < .05), and depression (β = .686, p < .001). Higher depression was predicted by anxiety (β = .601, p < .001), pain interference (β = .323, p < .01), lower personal control over pain (β = -.160, p < .05), and lower external control of health (β = -.161, p < .05) but, surprisingly, higher internal control of health (β = .208, p < .01).ConclusionsAnxiety and depression commonly coexist in chronic back pain sufferers qualified for spine surgery but are derived from dissimilar beliefs. The results highlight the usefulness of advising about the disease and treatment in comprehensive care for this group of patients.Copyright © 2019 American Society for Pain Management Nursing. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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