• Masatomo Miura, Makoto Nakajima, Akiko Fujimoto, Shinya Shiraishi, David S Liebeskind, and Yukio Ando.
• Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
• J Neuroimaging. 2018 Mar 1; 28 (2): 206-211.

Background And PurposeAcetazolamide reactivity on 123 I-IMP SPECT is used to detect misery perfusion due to intracranial atherosclerosis. Noninvasive fractional flow assessed by signal intensity ratio (SIR) on time of flight-magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) might offer a feasible alternative to identify high-risk intracranial stenosis.MethodsData from consecutive patients with unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis who underwent both TOF-MRA and acetazolamide reactivity on 123 I-IMP SPECT were retrospectively analyzed. Signal intensity was measured in the background and on the MCA proximal and distal to the stenotic lesion on TOF-MRA. Mean cerebral blood flow (CBF) at rest and cerebrovascular reactivity were measured in the target MCA territory. CBF patterns of the MCA were divided into three groups (Powers' stage 0-II).ResultsA total of 56 sets of diagnostic imaging in 33 patients were assessed. Four CBF patterns were stage II in four MCA territories, stage I in 31, and stage 0 in 21. Median SIR of the MCA was .53 (interquartile range .46-.69) for stage II, .78 (.63-.90) for stage I, and .91 (.85-.95) for stage 0. The optimal cutoff for SIR obtained from receiver operating characteristic curve analysis to predict stage II was < .56.ConclusionsIn patients with unilateral MCA stenosis, decreased SIR was correlated with misery perfusion, providing a simpler, widely available predictor of high-risk intracranial stenosis.Copyright © 2017 by the American Society of Neuroimaging.

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