• Indian J Crit Care Med · Sep 2018

    Targeted-Volume Noninvasive Ventilation Reduces Extubation Failure in Postextubated Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

    • Vorawut Thanthitaweewat, Dittapol Muntham, and Naricha Chirakalwasan.
    • Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
    • Indian J Crit Care Med. 2018 Sep 1; 22 (9): 639-645.

    PurposeTill date, the benefit of using noninvasive ventilation (NIV) routinely after extubation to prevent reintubation has been conflicting. We aim to demonstrate the effect of targeted-volume NIV for the prevention of reintubation and extubation failure after planned extubation in medical intensive care unit (ICU) patients.Study DesignThis was a prospective, randomized controlled study.Materials And MethodsPatients on invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hrs for acute respiratory failure, who were ready for extubation, were randomized into targeted-volume NIV (intervention group) or oxygen mask (controlled group) immediately after extubation and continuously for 24 hrs.ResultsA total of 58 patients were enrolled in this study. The targeted-volume NIV group was observed to have a trend toward lower reintubation rate within 48 hrs compared to oxygen mask group (0% vs. 17.2%; P = 0.052). Extubation failure rate within 48 hrs was significantly lower in targeted-volume NIV group compared to oxygen mask group (0% vs. 41.38%; P < 0.001). There was a trend toward lower ICU length of stay (6[5] days vs. 10[8] days (median interquartile range [IQR]); P = 0.053) as well as shorter hospital length of stay after extubation (10[19] days vs. 18[15] days (median [IQR]); P = 0.059). There were no differences in the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)/hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) (6.90% vs. 20.69%;P = 0.253) and 28 day-mortality (13.79% vs. 20.69%; P = 0.487).ConclusionsOur study is the first study to demonstrate the benefit of application of targeted-volume NIV immediately after extubation in reducing extubation failure rate. There was a trend toward lowering reintubation rate and shorter ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay after extubation in mixed medical ICU patients.

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