• Luigi M Cavallo, Teresa Somma, Domenico Solari, Gianpiero Iannuzzo, Federico Frio, Cinzia Baiano, and Paolo Cappabianca.
• Division of Neurosurgery, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: lcavallo@unina.it.
• World Neurosurg. 2019 Jul 1; 127: 686-694.

AbstractIn previous decades, extensive and disfiguring transfacial and/or transcranial approaches were used to reach the sellar and parasellar areas. However, these surgical routes were burdened by severe complications and high mortality rates. Recently, the development of endoscopic endonasal techniques has revolutionized the surgical strategies for approaching the sella and adjacent areas and increased the development of transsphenoidal surgery. With these techniques, surgeons have been able to overcome the visual limitations of the open surgical approaches and access areas previously hidden from view. After the contributions of the Pittsburgh duo, Carrau and Jho, pioneers of pure endoscopic surgery, our school began to implement this technique, introducing technical innovations and variations, describing the anatomical details and defining new routes, and playing a key role in its widespread clinical application.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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