• Hård Af Segerstad Mathias M 0000-0002-2685-8027 Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenbu, Fredrik Olsen, Erik Houltz, Bengt Nellgård, and Sven-Erik Ricksten.
• Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2019 Oct 1; 63 (9): 1152-1161.

BackgroundBone cementation may cause pulmonary vasoconstriction and ventilation/perfusion abnormalities in patients undergoing cemented hip hemiarthroplasty. In this randomised trial, we tested the hypothesis that intra-operative inhalation of prostacyclin could attenuate the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI, primary endpoint) when compared to inhaled saline in this group of patients.MethodsTwenty-two patients with displaced femoral neck fractures were allocated to receive inhaled aerosolised prostacyclin (20 ng/kg/min) (n = 11) or inhaled saline (NaCl, 9 mg/mL) (n = 11). All patients received total intravenous anaesthesia and were catheterised with radial and pulmonary artery fast response thermodilution catheters, for measurements of arterial and pulmonary arterial pressures, cardiac output, right ventricular ejection fraction and effective pulmonary arterial elastance. Haemodynamic measurements were performed after induction of anaesthesia, during surgery before and immediately after bone cementation and prosthesis insertion, 10 and 20 min after insertion and during skin closure.ResultsDuring the surgical procedure, PVRI increased both in the saline (44%, P < 0.001) and the prostacyclin (36%, P = 0.019) groups, with a less pronounced increase in the prostacyclin group (P = 0.031). Effective pulmonary arterial elastance increased both in the saline (44%, P < 0.001) and the prostacyclin groups (29%, P = 0.032), with a trend for a less pronounced increase in the prostacyclin group (P = 0.084). Right ventricular ejection fraction decreased significantly in both groups with no difference between the groups.ConclusionInhalation of prostacyclin attenuates the increase in pulmonary vascular resistance in patients undergoing cemented hip hemiarthroplasty and could potentially attenuate/prevent haemodynamic instability induced by an increase in right ventricular afterload seen in this procedure.© 2019 The Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Foundation. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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