• Andrew Herlich.
• Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. herlicha@upmc.edu
• Paediatr Anaesth. 2013 Sep 1;23(9):842-50.

ObjectivesThe objective of this review is to assist the readers, anesthesiologists, intensivists, and emergency physicians in making a more accurate diagnosis of perioperative fever or hyperthermia and subsequently choose the proper course of treatment.AimTo identify the many sources of perioperative fever and after a more accurate differential diagnosis, select appropriate treatment options. Most anesthesiologists, intensivists, and emergency physicians are not familiar with an expansive differential of perioperative fever. This article attempts to expose these physicians to that differential diagnosis.BackgroundMuch of the medical literature has anecdotal reports, small case series, or limited reviews of the possible sources of hyperthermia or fever. This is especially true of the anesthesia literature.ResultsA literature search was performed which identified many possible common and uncommon sources of fever. Some of these sources are quite relevant to the anesthesiologist. Other sources had potential relevance in obscure cases.© 2013 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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