• Cristine H Legare and Mark Nielsen.
• Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA. Electronic address: legare@austin.utexas.edu.
• Trends Cogn. Sci. (Regul. Ed.). 2015 Nov 1; 19 (11): 688-699.

AbstractImitation and innovation work in tandem to support cultural learning in children and facilitate our capacity for cumulative culture. Here we propose an integrated theoretical account of how the unique demands of acquiring instrumental skills and cultural conventions provide insight into when children imitate, when they innovate, and to what degree. For instrumental learning, with an increase in experience, high fidelity imitation decreases and innovation increases. By contrast, for conventional learning, imitative fidelity stays high, regardless of experience, and innovation stays low. We synthesize cutting edge research on the development of imitative flexibility and innovation to provide insight into the social learning mechanisms underpinning the uniquely human mind. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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