• Marcie Harris-Hayes and Linda R Van Dillen.
• Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA. harrisma@wustl.edu
• PM R. 2009 Feb 1; 1 (2): 117-26.

ObjectiveThe classification of patients with low back pain (LBP) may be important for improving clinical outcomes and research efficiency. The purpose of this study was to examine the inter-tester reliability of 2 trained physical therapists to classify patients with LBP by using the standardized Movement System Impairment (MSI) classification system. The 5 proposed MSI classifications are based on the most consistent patterns of movement and alignment observed throughout the examination that correlate with the patient's symptom behavior.DesignTest-retest to assess reliabilitySettingAcademic healthcare center outpatient facilityParticipantsThirty subjects (21 women and 9 men) with chronic, recurrent LBP (mean age 31.1 +/- 12.9 years) were examined independently by 2 experienced physical therapists.MethodsTraining consisted of self-study of a procedure manual, a supervised practice of examination procedures and classification rules, and discussion. Subjects were examined independently by each therapist using a test-retest design. Each therapist assigned a LBP classification upon completion of the examination. Both therapists were blinded to the other therapist's findings.Main Outcome MeasuresInter-tester reliability of therapists classifying the LBP problems was indexed by the percent agreement and kappa coefficient.ResultsOverall percent agreement on the classification assigned was 83% with kappa = 0.75 (95% confidence interval = 0.51-0.99; P < .0001).ConclusionInter-tester reliability of classification of patients with LBP when therapists use a standardized clinical examination based on the MSI classification system is substantial.

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