• Arch Orthop Trauma Surg · Jun 2020

    Joint line convergence angle predicts outliers of coronal alignment in navigated open-wedge high tibial osteotomy.

    • Masaki Tsuji, Yasushi Akamatsu, Hideo Kobayashi, Naoto Mitsugi, Yutaka Inaba, and Tomoyuki Saito.
    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan. t176042g@yokohama-cu.ac.jp.
    • Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2020 Jun 1; 140 (6): 707-715.

    IntroductionUsing a navigation system in open-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) has higher accuracy than using the conventional method. However, unintentional over- and under-correction still exist. This study aimed to compare various factors related to over- and under-correction and to assess their predictive factors in the preoperative radiographs.Materials And MethodsThis study involved 96 knees. The difference in the hip-knee-ankle angle (HKA) between the intraoperative navigation system and postoperative radiograph was termed navigation correction loss (NCL). Knees with absolute values of NCL (|NCL|) ≦ 1.5° and |NCL| > 1.5° were categorised into acceptable (n = 46) and outlier (n = 50) groups, respectively. The differences in joint line convergence angle (JLCA) between varus and valgus radiographs, varus JLCA, valgus JLCA, standing JLCA and standing HKA were compared between the two groups. Clinical results were evaluated using the American Knee Society (AKS) scores.ResultsThe mean intraoperative HKA in the navigation system was - 3.8 ± 1.8°, and that in the postoperative standing radiograph was - 4.2 ± 2.5° (p = 0.033). Preoperative varus, valgus and standing JLCA were higher in the outlier group (p = 0.018, p = 0.020 and p = 0.001, respectively). Logistic regression analyses for preoperative factors of |NCL| ≦ 1.5° showed that standing JLCA was a determining factor, with an odds ratio of 1.334 (confidence interval was 1.087-1.637, p = 0.006). AKS score was higher in the acceptable group (p = 0.040) postoperatively.ConclusionsHigher preoperative standing JLCA was the predictive factor of |NCL| > 1.5°. This factor reduced the rates of under- and over-correction and resulted in better AKS score in OWHTO.

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