• Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Feb 2021

    Observational Study

    Factors associated with posttraumatic meningitis among traumatic head injury patients: a nationwide study in Japan.

    • Yusuke Katayama, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Kosuke Kiyohara, Junya Sado, Tomoya Hirose, Tasuku Matsuyama, Takeyuki Kiguchi, Jotaro Tachino, Shunichiro Nakao, Yutaka Umemura, Yuko Nakagawa, and Takeshi Shimazu.
    • Department of Traumatology and Acute Critical Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-15, Yamada-oka, Suita, Japan. orion13@hp-emerg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
    • Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2021 Feb 1; 47 (1): 251-259.

    PurposePosttraumatic meningitis is one of the severe complications that can result in increased mortality and longer hospital stay among trauma patients. Factors such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) fistula and basilar skull fracture are associated with posttraumatic meningitis. However, it remains unclear whether procedures such as burr hole surgery in the emergency department and decompressive craniectomy are associated with posttraumatic meningitis. The aim of this study was to assess factors associated with posttraumatic meningitis with a nationwide hospital-based trauma registry in Japan.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study with a 12-year study period from January 2004 to December 2015. We included trauma patients registered in the Japanese Trauma Data Bank, whose head Abbreviated Injury Scale score was ≥ 3 in this study. The main endpoint was the occurrence of meningitis during hospitalization. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent parameters associated with posttraumatic meningitis such as CSF fistula, burr hole surgery in the emergency department, and decompressive craniectomy.ResultsAmong 60,390 head injury patients with head AIS score 3 or more, 284 (0.5%) patients had posttraumatic meningitis. Factors associated with posttraumatic meningitis were burr hole surgery in the emergency department (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 2.158 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.401-3.325]), decompressive craniectomy (AOR 2.123 [95% CI 1.506-2.993]), external ventricular drainage (AOR 1.843 [95% CI, 1.157-2.935]), CSF leakage (AOR 3.328 [95% CI 2.205-5.022]), and basilar skull fracture (AOR 1.651 [95% CI 1.178-2.314]).ConclusionsIn this population of trauma patients, burr hole surgery in the emergency department and decompressive craniectomy was associated with posttraumatic meningitis.

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