• J M Siller-Matula, G Delle-Karth, I M Lang, T Neunteufl, M Kozinski, J Kubica, G Maurer, K Linkowska, T Grzybowski, K Huber, and B Jilma.
• Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. jolanta.siller-matula@meduniwien.ac.at
• J. Thromb. Haemost. 2012 Apr 1; 10 (4): 529-42.

BackgroundPrognostic values of genotyping and phenotyping for assessment of clopidogrel responsiveness have been shown in independent studies.ObjectivesTo compare different assays for prediction of events during long-term follow-up.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study polymorphisms of CYP2C19*2 and CYP2C19*17 alleles, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (VASP) assay, multiple electrode aggregometry (MEA), cone and platelet analyser (CPA) and platelet function analyser (PFA-100) were performed in 416 patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. The rates of events were recorded during a 12-month follow-up.ResultsPlatelet aggregation by MEA predicted stent thrombosis (2.4%) better (c-index = 0.90; P < 0.001; sensitivity = 90%; specificity = 83%) than the VASP assay, CPA or PFA-100 (c-index < 0.70; P > 0.05; sensitivity < 70%; specificity < 70% for all) or even the CYP2C19*2 polymorphism (c-index < 0.56; P > 0.05; sensitivity = 30%; specificity = 71%). Survival analysis indicated that patients classified as poor responders by MEA had a substantially higher risk of developing stent thrombosis or MACE than clopidogrel responders (12.5% vs. 0.3%, P < 0.001, and 18.5% vs. 11.3%, P = 0.022, respectively), whereas poor metabolizers (CYP2C19*1/*2 or *2/*2 carriers) were not at increased risks (stent thrombosis, 2.7% vs. 2.5%, P > 0.05; MACE, 13.5% vs. 12.1%, P = 0.556). The incidence of major bleedings (2.6%) was numerically higher in patients with an enhanced vs. poor response to clopidogrel assessed by MEA (4% vs. 0%) or in ultra-metabolizers vs. regular metabolizers (CYP2C19*17/*17 vs. CYP2C19*1/*1; 9.5% vs. 2%). The classification tree analysis demonstrated that acute coronary syndrome at hospitalization and diabetes mellitus were the best discriminators for clopidogrel responder status.Conclusions Phenotyping of platelet response to clopidogrel was a better predictor of stent thrombosis than genotyping.© 2012 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis.

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