• Kamran Ahmed, Oliver Anderson, Muhammad Jawad, Tanya Tierney, Ara Darzi, Thanos Athanasiou, and George B Hanna.
• Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, 10th Floor, QEQM Wing, St Mary's Hospital, London W2 1NY, UK; MRC Centre for Transplantation, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9R... more T, UK. less
• Am. J. Surg. 2015 Apr 1; 209 (4): 682-688.e2.

BackgroundWard round skills are essential for the best management of surgical inpatients, but assessment of their quality has received inadequate attention. This study aims to design and validate the surgical ward round assessment tool (SWAT).MethodsWe used modified Healthcare Failure Mode and Effects Analysis to develop the SWAT by identifying ward round steps. We assessed the validity of the SWAT using simulated and real surgical ward rounds.ResultsThe Healthcare Failure Mode and Effects Analysis identified 30 ward round steps that were developed into the SWAT. Nineteen surgeons completed simulated surgical ward rounds. Eight fully trained surgeons scored significantly higher than 11 trainee surgeons when assessed with the SWAT (P = .001). On average, the participants thought the realism of the simulation was good. Forty-four surgeons completed real surgical ward rounds. Fifteen experts scored significantly higher than 29 trainee surgeons when assessed with SWAT (P = .001). Inter-rater reliability was .85 to .89, respectively.ConclusionsThe SWAT can be used to assess the quality of task-based and nontechnical surgical ward round skills.Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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