• Chunyuan Qiu, Priscilla H Chan, Gary L Zohman, Heather A Prentice, Jessica J Hunt, Diana C LaPlace, Vu T Nguyen, Glenn R Diekmann, Gregory B Maletis, and Vimal Desai.
• Department of Anesthesiology, Kaiser Permanente Baldwin Park Medical Center, Baldwin Park, CA.
• J Orthop Trauma. 2018 Mar 1; 32 (3): 116-123.

ObjectivesTo determine the impact of anesthesia type on in-hospital mortality and morbidity for geriatric fragility hip fracture surgery.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingIntegrates health care delivery system across 38 facilities in the United States.Patients/ParticipantsWe identified 16,695 patients 65 years of age and older who underwent emergent hip fracture repairs between 2009 and 2014 through the Kaiser Permanente hip fracture registry and excluded pathologic or bilateral fractures.InterventionHip fracture surgery with general or regional anesthesia.Main Outcomes MeasuresData on in-hospital mortality, time to death, discharge disposition, and length of stay (LOS) were analyzed among the following anesthesia types: general anesthesia (GA), regional anesthesia (RA), and intraoperative conversions from regional to general (Cv).ResultsCompared with RA, the hazard ratio for GA for in-hospital mortality was 1.38 and 2.23 for the Cv group; the time ratio for GA-associated time to death was 0.97 and 0.89 for the Cv group. The GA-associated time ratio for LOS before discharge was 1.01, and the hazard ratio for home discharge was 0.86, but no significance was found with the Cv group.ConclusionsRA may offer advantages over GA for fragility hip fracture surgeries when possible. In-hospital mortality, time to death, increased LOS, and discharge to an institute rather than home were all adversely influenced by GA. Furthermore, the previously understudied Cv group demonstrated adverse outcomes for in-hospital mortality and time to death.Level Of EvidenceTherapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

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