• Raul G Nogueira, Ahmad Bayrlee, Joshua A Hirsch, Albert J Yoo, and William A Copen.
• Departments of Neurology; Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Marcus Stroke & Neuroscience Center, Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta, GA.
• J Neuroimaging. 2013 Oct 1;23(4):514-7.

BackgroundConventional non-invasive angiographic techniques for evaluating cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations (cAVMs) after embolization treatment are limited by their inability to acquire time-resolved images. We describe the use of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in the evaluation of residual arteriovenous shunting in cAVMs following Onyx embolization.MethodsSix subjects who underwent multimodal MR imaging including dynamic MRA after different stages of endovascular treatment with Onyx were included. Each MRA was assessed for the presence of residual arteriovenous shunting. The results were compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA).ResultsMean age was 41 years (range, 25-63) and the mean maximum AVM diameter was 5.3 cm (range, 4.7-6.0). Fourteen dynamic MRA were performed using a 1.5 T scanner. Arteriovenous shunting was detected in thirteen of fourteen patients by both dynamic MRA and DSA, with complete agreement between the two techniques. The only MRA without detectable residual arteriovenous shunting was for a subject who had complete treatment with no residual cAVM as confirmed by the DSA images.ConclusionsDynamic contrast-enhanced MRA is a promising non-invasive modality in identifying residual arteriovenous shunting after different stages of AVM embolization, achieving 100% agreement in this small study. Embolization with Onyx caused no significant image artifact.Copyright © 2013 by the American Society of Neuroimaging.

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