• Brenton Alexander, Joseph Rinehart, Maxime Cannesson, Jacques Duranteau, and Alexandre Joosten.
• Department of Anesthesiology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA. Electronic address: bsalexander@ucsd.edu.
• Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2019 Jun 1; 33 (2): 199-209.

AbstractAs the operating room and intensive care settings become increasingly complex, the required vigilance practitioners must dedicate to a wide array of clinical systems has increased concordantly. The resulting shortage of available attention to these various clinical tasks creates a vacuum for the introduction of systems that can administer well-established goal-directed therapies without significant provider feedback. Recently, there has been an explosion of academic exploration into creating such automated systems, with a strong specific focus on hemodynamic control. Within this field, the largest focus has been on goal-directed fluid therapy as systems automating vasopressor administration have only recently become viable options. Our goal in this review article is to summarize the validity of the relevant goal-directed hemodynamic systems and explore the expanding role of automation within these systems.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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