• Seishi Kumano, Masahiko Uemura, Toyoaki Haraikawa, Masaaki Hirata, Keiichi Kikuchi, Tonsok Kim, Masahiro Okada, Teruhito Mochizuki, and Takamichi Murakami.
• Department of Radiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osakasayama 589-8511, Japan. kumano@radiol.med.kindai.ac.jp
• Jpn J Radiol. 2009 Jul 1; 27 (6): 229-36.

PurposeThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of double arterial phase dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the sensitivity encoding technique (SENSE dynamic MRI) for detection of hypervascular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in comparison with double arterial phase dynamic multidetector-row helical computed tomography (dynamic MDCT).Materials And MethodsA total of 28 patients with 66 hypervascular HCCs underwent both double arterial SENSE dynamic MRI and dynamic MDCT. The diagnosis of HCC was based on surgical resection (n = 7), biopsy (n = 10), or a combination of CT during arterial portography (CTAP), CT during hepatic arteriography (CTA), and/or the 6-month follow-up CT (n = 49). Based on alternative-free response receiving operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the diagnostic performance for detecting HCC was compared between double arterial phase SENSE dynamic MRI and double arterial phase dynamic MDCT.ResultsThe mean sensitivity, positive predictive value, and mean Az values for hypervascular HCCs were 72%, 80%, and 0.79, respectively, for SENSE dynamic MRI and 66%, 92%, and 0.78, respectively, for dynamic MDCT. The mean sensitivity for double arterial phase SENSE dynamic MRI was higher than that for double arterial phase dynamic MDCT, but the difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionDouble arterial phase SENSE dynamic MRI is as valuable as double arterial phase dynamic MDCT for detecting hypervascular HCCs.

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