• Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Senri Miwa, Kunihiro Ueda, Seigo Tanaka, Shinya Toyokuni, Oriyanhan Unimonh, Kazunobu Nishimura, and Masashi Komeda.
• Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin Kawahara-machi, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan.
• Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2004 Aug 1; 26 (2): 270-5.

ObjectiveCardioplegic arrest remains the method of choice for myocardial protection in cardiac surgery. Poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphate-ribose) synthetase (PARS) inhibitor has been suggested to attenuate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in myocardial infarction by preventing energy depletion associated with oxidative stress. We investigated the efficacy of a cardioplegic solution containing a PARS inhibitor, 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), for myocardial protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury caused by cardioplegic arrest.MethodsIsolated hearts were set on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused. The hearts were arrested for 90 min with a cardioplegic solution given at 30-min intervals and then reperfused for 20 min. The hearts of rat in the 3-AB(-) group (n = 8) were perfused with a standard cardioplegic solution and terminal warm cardoplegia, whereas the 3-AB(+) group (n = 8) received these solutions supplemented with 3-AB (100 microM). Left ventricular function and release of cardiac enzymes were monitored before and after cardioplegic arrest. After reperfusion, NAD+ (nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide) levels were assessed, and the tissues were examined immunohistochemically for oxidative stress and apoptosis.ResultsDuring reperfusion, the 3-AB(+) group showed significantly higher (P = 0.005)dp/dt and lower creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level and glucotamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in the effluent (CPK; P = 0.003 GOT; P < 0.001) The cardiomyocytes of the 3-AB(+) group also preserved a higher NAD+ level (P < 0.001). Immunohistochemical study of oxidative stress revealed a lesser extent (P = 0.007) of nuclear staining and a lower fraction of apoptosis in the 3-AB(+) group.ConclusionCardioplegic solution supplemented with 3-AB provides efficient myocardial protection in cardioplegic ischemic reperfusion by suppressing oxidative stress and overactivation of PARS.

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