• Pediatric neurology · Apr 2012

    Case Reports

    Nonparaneoplastic anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: a case series of four children.

    • Sarbani Raha, Pradnya Gadgil, Charulata Sankhla, and Vrajesh Udani.
    • Department of Pediatric Neurology, P.D. Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. drsarbaniraha@rediffmail.com
    • Pediatr. Neurol. 2012 Apr 1; 46 (4): 246-9.

    AbstractA rare, severe form of immune-mediated encephalitis recently has been described, associated with antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. It is reported mostly in women with ovarian tumors. Nonparaneoplastic presentations are less common. We describe four children with a neuropsychiatric and extrapyramidal syndrome associated with the presence of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid and serum, without evidence of neoplasia. Three children recovered completely after immunomodulatory therapy, i.e., intravenous immunoglobulin and/or steroids, methylprednisolone, and/or adrenocorticotrophic hormone.Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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