• Chen-Fuh Lam, P Vernon Van Heerden, John Blott, Brigit Roberts, and Kenneth F Ilett.
• School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
• J Crit Care. 2004 Mar 1; 19 (1): 48-53.

ObjectivesTo examine the effects of inhaled NONOates in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).DesignCase-series, phase I clinical trial.SettingA multidisciplinary intensive care unit in a tertiary teaching hospital.PatientsFive consecutive patients with ARDS (men; age range, 47-76 years).MeasurementsDETA/NO (150 micromol) was aerosolized into the lungs of patients on mechanical ventilation via the endotracheal tube over 20 minutes. Hemodynamic parameters were measured and blood samples were taken before, during, and after inhalation.ResultsCompared to baseline values, pulmonary vascular resistance decreased until the end of the study period (180 minutes) while intrapulmonary shunting decreased significantly up to 45 min after DETA/NO aerosol administration. Inhaled DETA/NO had no effect on the systemic circulation (systemic blood pressure or cardiac output).ConclusionsInhaled DETA/NO is a selective pulmonary vasodilator in patients with ARDS. However, a larger number of patients is required to confirm the findings of this pilot study.

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