• Carl A Beyer, Eduard Poltavskiy, Lauren E Walker, Warren Pettey, Ying Suo, Andrew Redd, Alex G Rittel, William H Kazanis, Jacob R Dunham, Lee A Zarzabal, W Cliff Rutter, Alan Sim, Jessica R Watrous, Jeffrey T Howard, Jud C Janak, Ian J Stewart, and Adi Gundlapalli.
• University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA.
• Ann. Surg. 2021 Dec 1; 274 (6): e957-e965.

ObjectiveTo determine whether persistent opioid use after injury is associated with subsequent long-term development of clinically recognized opioid abuse.Summary Background DataOpioid abuse is an epidemic in the United States and trauma can initiate persistent use; however, it remains unclear whether persistent opioid use contributes to the subsequent development of opioid abuse. The care of combat casualties by the Departments of Defense and Veterans Affairs uniquely allows investigation of this long-term outcome.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study randomly selected 10,000 battle-injured United States military personnel. We excluded patients who died during initial hospitalization or within 180 days of discharge, had a preinjury opioid abuse diagnosis, or had missing data in a preselected variable. We defined persistent opioid use as filling an opioid prescription 3 to 6 months after discharge and recorded clinically recognized opioid abuse using relevant diagnosis codes.ResultsAfter exclusion, 9284 subjects were analyzed, 2167 (23.3%) of whom developed persistent opioid use. During a median follow-up time of 8 years, 631 (6.8%) patients developed clinically recognized opioid abuse with a median time to diagnosis of 3 years. Injury severity and discharge opioid prescription amount were associated with persistent opioid use after trauma. After adjusting for patient and injury-specific factors, persistent opioid use was associated with the long-term development of clinically recognized opioid abuse (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.99-2.86).ConclusionsNearly a quarter of patients filled an opioid prescription 3 to 6 months after discharge, and this persistent use was associated with long-term development of opioid abuse.Copyright © 2019 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

16 keywords...

hide…