• Ademola Olusegun Talabi, Oludayo Adedapo Sowande, Anthony Taiwo Adenekan, Olusanya Adejuyigbe, Collins Chijioke Adumah, and Arua Obasi Igwe.
• Department Of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile - Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. Electronic address: ademolatalabi1608@gmail.com.
• J. Pediatr. Surg. 2018 Oct 1; 53 (10): 2072-2076.

Background/PurposeThe analysis of perioperative mortality as well as surgery- and anesthesia-related death in pediatric patients may serve as a potential tool to improve outcome. The aim of this study is to report the 24-h and 30-day overall, and surgery and anesthesia-related, mortality in a tertiary hospital.MethodsThis is a retrospective review of perioperative mortality in children ≤15years at a general pediatric surgery unit. All pediatric general surgery cases operated under general anesthesia between January 2007 and December 2016 were included in the study and data analyzed.ResultsA total of 4108 surgical procedures were performed in 4040 patients. The age was 1day to 15years with a median age of 2years. The all cause 24-h mortality was 34 per 10,000 procedures and the all cause 30-day mortality was 156 per 10,000 procedures. Septicemia was the most common cause of death. The determinants of mortality were neonatal age group (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR)=0.033, 95% CI=0.015-0.070, p=0.001), emergency surgery (AOR=90.91, 95% CI=27.78-333.33, p=0.001), higher ASA status (AOR=0.014, 95% CI=0.005-0.041, p=0.001) and multiple operative procedures (AOR=38.46, 95% CI=10.64-142.85, p=0.001).ConclusionsNeonatal age group, children with poorer ASA status, emergency and multiple surgeries were predictors of perioperative mortality.Level Of EvidenceRetrospective study.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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