• Koji Takeda, Boyangzi Li, Arthur R Garan, Veli K Topkara, Jiho Han, Paolo C Colombo, Maryjane A Farr, Yoshifumi Naka, and Hiroo Takayama.
• Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York, New York. Electronic address: kt2485@cumc.columbia.edu.
• J. Heart Lung Transplant. 2017 Jun 1; 36 (6): 650-656.

BackgroundPrimary graft dysfunction (PGD) is one of the most common causes of early death after orthotopic heart transplantation. Mechanical circulatory support devices are required for severe forms of PGD. Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) and temporary ventricular assist device (VAD) support have both been reported to be useful for severe PGD.MethodsBetween January 2007 and December 2015, 597 patients received a heart transplant at our center. Of those, severe PGD developed in 44 patients (7.4%), and they received a continuous-flow external VAD (n = 17) or VA-ECMO (n = 27) support within 24 hours after transplant. We compared early and late outcomes between groups.ResultsBaseline characteristics were similar between groups. Implantation of the temporary VAD required longer cardiopulmonary bypass time compared with VA-ECMO (323 ± 86 minutes vs 216 ± 65 minutes, p < 0.0001). Patients who received a VAD were more likely to have longer support time (14 ± 17 days vs 5.2 ± 3.9 days, p = 0.011), a higher incidence of major bleeding requiring chest reexploration (77% vs 30%, p = 0.0047), and a higher incidence of renal failure requiring renal replacement therapy (53% vs 11%, p = 0.0045) after surgery. Overall hospital mortality was 27%. In-hospital mortality for VAD and VA-ECMO patients were 41% and 19%, respectively (p = 0.16). Ten patients (59%) were weaned from VAD support, and 24 (89%) were weaned from VA-ECMO support after adequate graft function recovery (p = 0.03). The 3-year post-transplant survival was 41% in the VAD group and 66% in the VA-ECMO group (p = 0.13).ConclusionsFor severe PGD, support with VA-ECMO appears to result in better clinical outcomes compared with VAD.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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