• Luís F Fiorentini, Pedro Bergo, Gustavo S P Meirelles, Julia Capobianco, Tan-Lucien Mohammed, Nupur Verma, Edson Marchiori, Klaus L Irion, and Bruno Hochhegger.
• Department of Imaging, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Electronic address: luisf.fiorentini@gmail.com.
• Chest. 2020 May 1; 157 (5): 1100-1113.

AbstractParasitoses are infectious diseases of global distribution, with predominance in areas of poor sanitation. Parasites cause damage through direct tissue injury and the inflammatory response generated by their migration and establishment in various organs. Thoracic involvement by parasitic disease can generate both specific and nonspecific clinical, laboratorial, and radiologic manifestations, which often makes their diagnosis challenging. The correct diagnosis is crucial for definition of treatment, which sometimes requires rapid intervention. Based on a literature review of the last few decades, this article aimed to characterize the main radiologic findings related to thoracic manifestations of parasitic diseases, correlating them with radiographic and tomographic images of patients with confirmed diagnosis of such pathologies. The included parasitic diseases are malaria, Chagas disease, toxoplasmosis, amoebiasis, ascariasis, toxocariasis, strongyloidiasis, dirofilariasis, cysticercosis, echinococcosis, schistosomiasis, and paragonimiasis.Copyright © 2020 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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