• Li Jiao, Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon, Thea Palmer Zimmerman, Zhigang Duan, Liang Chen, Lisa Kahle, Adam Risch, Amy F Subar, Amanda J Cross, Albert Hollenbeck, Helen Vlassara, Gary Striker, and Rashmi Sinha.
• From the Sections of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (LJ and LC) and Health Services Research (LJ, ZD, and LC), Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; the Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics (RS-S and RS) and the Applied Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (AFS), National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, MD; Westat, Rockville, MD (TPZ); Information Management Services, Rockville, MD (LK and AR); the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom (AJC); the Division of Experimental Diabetes and Aging, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (HV and GS); and AARP, Washington, DC (AH).
• Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2015 Jan 1; 101 (1): 126-34.

BackgroundAdvanced glycation end products (AGEs) are a heterogeneous group of compounds present in uncooked foods as well as in foods cooked at high temperatures. AGEs have been associated with insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and chronic inflammation in patients with diabetes. Dietary AGEs are an important contributor to the AGE pool in the body. N(ϵ)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) AGE is one of the major biologically and chemically well-characterized AGE markers. The consumption of red meat, which is CML-AGE rich, has been positively associated with pancreatic cancer in men.ObjectivesWith the use of a published food CML-AGE database, we estimated the consumption of CML AGE in the prospective NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study and evaluated the association between CML-AGE consumption and pancreatic cancer and the mediating effect of CML AGE on the association between red meat consumption and pancreatic cancer.DesignMultivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs for pancreatic cancer.ResultsDuring an average of 10.5 y of follow-up, we identified 2193 pancreatic cancer cases (1407 men and 786 women) from 528,251 subjects. With the comparison of subjects in the fifth and the first quintiles of CML-AGE consumption, we observed increased pancreatic cancer risk in men (HR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.93, P-trend = 0.003) but not women (HR: 1.14; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.72, P-trend = 0.42). Men in the highest quintile of red meat consumption had higher risk of pancreatic cancer (HR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.70), which attenuated after adjustment for CML-AGE consumption (HR: 1.20; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.53).ConclusionDietary CML-AGE consumption was associated with modestly increased risk of pancreatic cancer in men and may partially explain the positive association between red meat and pancreatic cancer.© 2015 American Society for Nutrition.

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