• Jason Glaser, Jay Lemery, Balaji Rajagopalan, Henry F Diaz, Ramón García-Trabanino, Gangadhar Taduri, Magdalena Madero, Mala Amarasinghe, Georgi Abraham, Sirirat Anutrakulchai, Vivekanand Jha, Peter Stenvinkel, Carlos Roncal-Jimenez, Miguel A Lanaspa, Ricardo Correa-Rotter, David Sheikh-Hamad, Emmanuel A Burdmann, Ana Andres-Hernando, Tamara Milagres, Ilana Weiss, Mehmet Kanbay, Catharina Wesseling, Laura Gabriela Sánchez-Lozada, and Richard J Johnson.
• Due to the number of contributing authors, the affiliations are provided in the Supplemental Material.
• Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016 Aug 8; 11 (8): 1472-83.

AbstractClimate change has led to significant rise of 0.8°C-0.9°C in global mean temperature over the last century and has been linked with significant increases in the frequency and severity of heat waves (extreme heat events). Climate change has also been increasingly connected to detrimental human health. One of the consequences of climate-related extreme heat exposure is dehydration and volume loss, leading to acute mortality from exacerbations of pre-existing chronic disease, as well as from outright heat exhaustion and heat stroke. Recent studies have also shown that recurrent heat exposure with physical exertion and inadequate hydration can lead to CKD that is distinct from that caused by diabetes, hypertension, or GN. Epidemics of CKD consistent with heat stress nephropathy are now occurring across the world. Here, we describe this disease, discuss the locations where it appears to be manifesting, link it with increasing temperatures, and discuss ongoing attempts to prevent the disease. Heat stress nephropathy may represent one of the first epidemics due to global warming. Government, industry, and health policy makers in the impacted regions should place greater emphasis on occupational and community interventions.Copyright © 2016 by the American Society of Nephrology.

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