• Leizl Joy Nayahangan, Paul Frost Clementsen, Charlotte Paltved, Karen Gilboe Lindorff-Larsen, Bjørn Ulrik Nielsen, and Lars Konge.
• Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation, University of Copenhagen and The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• Respiration. 2016 Jan 1; 91 (6): 517-22.

BackgroundSimulation training is a revolutionary addition to health care education. However, developing simulation-based training programs is often dictated by those simulators that are commercially available. Curriculum development requires deliberate planning and a standardized approach, including a 'general needs assessment'.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to perform a national general needs assessment to identify technical procedures in pulmonary medicine that should be integrated in a simulation-based curriculum.MethodsA three-round Delphi process was initiated among 62 key opinion leaders. Round 1 was an open-ended question to identify technical procedures pulmonologists should learn. Round 2 was a survey using a newly developed needs assessment formula to explore the frequency of procedures, number of operators, risk or discomfort when performed by an inexperienced doctor, and feasibility of simulation-based training. In round 3, results were reviewed and ranked according to priority.ResultsThe response rates for the three rounds were 74, 63, and 60%, respectively. The Delphi process reduced the 30 procedures identified in round 1 to 11 prioritized technical procedures in round 3. These were: flexible bronchoscopy, pleurocentesis, endobronchial ultrasound, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration, noninvasive ventilation treatment, transthoracic biopsy of pleural or lung tumor, focused ultrasound scanning of the lungs, chest tube insertion, needle biopsy of visible lymph node/tumor of the skin, focused ultrasound scanning of the heart, and thoracoscopy.ConclusionWe performed a Delphi study using a needs assessment formula, which identified 11 technical procedures that are highly suitable for simulation-based training. Medical educators can use this list as a resource in planning simulation-based training programs for trainees in pulmonary medicine.© 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel.

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