• Michelle N Eakin, Thomas Eckmann, Victor D Dinglas, Ayodele A Akinremi, Megan Hosey, Ramona O Hopkins, and Dale M Needham.
• Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; Outcomes After Critical Illness and Surgery (OACIS), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD. Electronic address: Meakin1@jhmi.edu.
• Chest. 2020 Aug 1; 158 (2): 588-595.

BackgroundParticipant retention is a major challenge in clinical research, especially in studies with multiple, longitudinal research assessments. Despite the importance of retention methods, there is little empirical research on how cohort retention efforts are perceived by study participants.Research QuestionTo evaluate the association between the number of attempts undertaken to contact participants for research assessments in a longitudinal cohort study and participants' feeling of being bothered regarding such contact attempts.Study Design And MethodsSecondary analysis of 315 ARDS survivors participating in a prospective study using comprehensive strategies for participant follow-up at 6 and 12 months that achieved > 95% participant retention. After completing a 242-question research assessment lasting 20 to 40 min, participants were surveyed for feedback.ResultsAt 6 and 12 months, only 5% and 8% of participants, respectively, reported being bothered "more than a little bit" by the study contact attempts, with an OR of 1.06 (95% CI, 1.02-1.10) for each contact attempt. Participants' mental health symptoms at follow-up assessment were not associated with reports of being bothered.InterpretationComprehensive cohort retention efforts can achieve > 95% retention rates in a national longitudinal study, with most participants reporting little or no bother by contact attempts. Despite a high frequency of mental health symptoms in this population, such symptoms were not associated with participant feedback regarding contact attempts. Careful training of research staff may be important in achieving such results.Copyright © 2020 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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