• Alexander Harris, James Butterworth, Piers R Boshier, Hugh MacKenzie, Masanori Tokunaga, Hideki Sunagawa, Stella Mavroveli, Melody Ni, Sameh Mikhail, Chi-Chuan Yeh, Natalie S Blencowe, AveryKerry N LKNLNational Institute for Health Research Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, University of Bristol, United Kingdom., Richard Hardwick, Arnulf Hoelscher, Manuel Pera, Giovanni Zaninotto, Simon Law, Donald E Low, van LanschotJan J BJJBDepartment of Surgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, The Netherlands., Richard Berrisford, Christopher Paul Barham, Jane M Blazeby, and George B Hanna.
• Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, United Kingdom.
• Ann. Surg. 2022 Jan 1; 275 (1): 121130121-130.

ObjectiveThe aim was to develop a reliable surgical quality assurance system for 2-stage esophagectomy. This development was conducted during the pilot phase of the multicenter ROMIO trial, collaborating with international experts.Summary Of Background DataThere is evidence that the quality of surgical performance in randomized controlled trials influences clinical outcomes, quality of lymphadenectomy and loco-regional recurrence.MethodsStandardization of 2-stage esophagectomy was based on structured observations, semi-structured interviews, hierarchical task analysis, and a Delphi consensus process. This standardization provided the structure for the operation manual and video and photographic assessment tools. Reliability was examined using generalizability theory.ResultsHierarchical task analysis for 2-stage esophagectomy comprised fifty-four steps. Consensus (75%) agreement was reached on thirty-nine steps, whereas fifteen steps had a majority decision. An operation manual and record were created. A thirty five-item video assessment tool was developed that assessed the process (safety and efficiency) and quality of the end product (anatomy exposed and lymphadenectomy performed) of the operation. The quality of the end product section was used as a twenty seven-item photographic assessment tool. Thirty-one videos and fifty-three photographic series were submitted from the ROMIO pilot phase for assessment. The overall G-coefficient for the video assessment tool was 0.744, and for the photographic assessment tool was 0.700.ConclusionsA reliable surgical quality assurance system for 2-stage esophagectomy has been developed for surgical oncology randomized controlled trials.Ethical Approval11/NW/0895 and confirmed locally as appropriate, 12/SW/0161, 16/SW/0098.Trial registration number: ISRCTN59036820, ISRCTN10386621.Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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