• Demetria Kovelis, Anna R S Gomes, Camila Mazzarin, Samia K Biazim, Fabio Pitta, and Silvia Valderramas.
• Department of Physical Therapy, UniDomBosco University, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Electronic address: demetriakovelis@gmail.com.
• Chest. 2020 Sep 1; 158 (3): 965-972.

BackgroundPatients with COPD in advanced stages who need long-term home oxygen therapy (LTHOT) have difficulty participating in outpatient pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs. This difficulty is due to the severity of their disease, limitations involving transportation and mobility, high costs, and issues related to patients' safety and individual needs. Unsupervised home-based physical training (PT) is frequently used.Research QuestionThe main objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a supervised home-based PT program on exercise capacity and other outcomes in patients with COPD receiving LTHOT.Study Design And MethodsIn a randomized clinical trial, patients with COPD who were on LTHOT were allocated into two groups: the supervised physical training (PT) group, consisting of patients who received home-based supervised muscle strength and endurance training in twice-weekly 60-min sessions for 12 weeks; and the unsupervised activity booklet group, consisting of patients who received a booklet advising them to perform exercise twice a week for 12 weeks. All participants were assessed prior to and following the intervention in terms of exercise capacity (6-min step-test and the 1-min sit-to-stand test); dyspnea (Medical Research Council scale); fatigue (Brazilian Portuguese version of the Fatigue Severity Scale); and health status (COPD Assessment Test).ResultsA total of 44 patients were assessed (mean age, 70 ± 8 years; FEV1, 33 ± 14% predicted) (PT group, n = 22; booklet group, n = 22). Only the PT group patients presented significant improvement in the 6-min step-test (21 ± 9 vs 14 ± 11; P = .001), Medical Research Council scale (3.3 ± 1.0 vs 3.9 ± 0.9; P = .013), Brazilian Portuguese version of the Fatigue Severity Scale (5.0 ± 1.4 vs 5.2 ± 1.3; P = .015), and COPD Assessment Test (21 ± 8 vs 26 ± 6; P = .001). No adverse effects were observed.InterpretationSupervised home-based PT was effective and safe in improving exercise capacity, dyspnea, fatigue, and health status in patients with COPD on LTHOT.Clinical Trial RegistrationBrazilian Registry of Clinical Trials; No.: RBR-535smn; URL: http://www.ensaiosclinicos.gov.br.Copyright © 2020 American College of Chest Physicians. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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