• William D Tap, Andrew J Wagner, Patrick Schöffski, Javier Martin-Broto, Anders Krarup-Hansen, Kristen N Ganjoo, Chueh-Chuan Yen, Abdul Razak Albiruni R AR Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, Ontario, Canada., Alexander Spira, Akira Kawai, Axel Le Cesne, Brian A Van Tine, Yoichi Naito, Se Hoon Park, Alexander Fedenko, Zsuzsanna Pápai, Victoria Soldatenkova, Ashwin Shahir, Gary Mo, Jennifer Wright, Robin L Jones, and ANNOUNCE Investigators.
• Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
• JAMA. 2020 Apr 7; 323 (13): 1266-1276.

ImportancePatients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS) have a median overall survival of less than 2 years. In a phase 2 study, an overall survival benefit in this population was observed with the addition of olaratumab to doxorubicin over doxorubicin alone.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of doxorubicin plus olaratumab in patients with advanced/metastatic STS.Design, Setting, And ParticipantsANNOUNCE was a confirmatory, phase 3, double-blind, randomized trial conducted at 110 sites in 25 countries from September 2015 to December 2018; the final date of follow-up was December 5, 2018. Eligible patients were anthracycline-naive adults with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic STS, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1, and cardiac ejection fraction of 50% or greater.InterventionsPatients were randomized 1:1 to receive doxorubicin, 75 mg/m2 (day 1), combined with olaratumab (n = 258), 20 mg/kg in cycle 1 and 15 mg/kg in subsequent cycles, or placebo (n = 251) on days 1 and 8 for up to 8 21-day cycles, followed by olaratumab/placebo monotherapy.Main Outcomes And MeasuresDual primary end points were overall survival with doxorubicin plus olaratumab vs doxorubicin plus placebo in total STS and leiomyosarcoma (LMS) populations.ResultsAmong the 509 patients randomized (mean age, 56.9 years; 58.2% women; 46.0% with LMS), all were included in the primary analysis and had a median length of follow-up of 31 months. No statistically significant difference in overall survival was observed between the doxorubicin plus olaratumab group vs the doxorubicin plus placebo group in either population (total STS: hazard ratio, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.84-1.30], P = .69, median overall survival, 20.4 months vs 19.7 months; LMS: hazard ratio, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.69-1.31], P = .76, median overall survival, 21.6 months vs 21.9 months). Adverse events of grade 3 or greater reported in 15% or more of total patients with STS were neutropenia (46.3% vs 49.0%), leukopenia (23.3% vs 23.7%), and febrile neutropenia (17.5% vs 16.5%).Conclusions And RelevanceIn this phase 3 clinical trial of patients with advanced STS, treatment with doxorubicin plus olaratumab vs doxorubicin plus placebo resulted in no significant difference in overall survival. The findings did not confirm the overall survival benefit observed in the phase 2 trial.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02451943.

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