• Martin H Bernardi, Robin Ristl, Thomas Neugebauer, Michael J Hiesmayr, Wilfred Druml, and Andrea Lassnigg.
• From the Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, Division of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine (MHB, TN, MJH, AL), Institute of Medical Statistics, Centre for Medical Statistics, Informatics and Intelligent Systems (RR) and Division for Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria (WD).
• Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2020 Oct 1; 37 (10): 898-907.

BackgroundAcute kidney injury predicts adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery.ObjectivesTo determine whether ultra-short-term changes (within 120 min) in serum creatinine (SCrea) levels after cardiac surgery predict clinical outcomes (30-day mortality).DesignObservational cohort study.SettingAustrian tertiary referral centre.PatientsA total of 7651 patients scheduled to undergo elective cardiac surgery.Main Outcome MeasuresWe analysed SCrea levels measured pre-operatively (baseline) and within 120 min after surgery. We also adjusted the postoperative SCrea levels for fluid balance. Patients were grouped according to the difference between the pre and postoperative SCrea levels (ΔSCreaAdmICU). We performed univariable and multivariable analyses to determine the association between changes in SCrea levels and 30-day mortality.ResultsAfter cardiac surgery, the SCrea level decreased in 5923 patients and increased in 1728 patients. Increased SCrea levels were associated with a 21% increase in 30-day mortality. Even minimal increases in SCrea (0 to <26.5 μmol l) were significantly associated with 30-day mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.54 to 2.55; P < 0.001]. Adjustments for fluid balance strengthened the above association (increases of 0 to <26.5 μmol l: HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.40 to 2.26; P < 0.001; increases of at least 26.5 μmol l: HR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.68 to 3.42; P < 0.001).ConclusionEven minimal, ultra-short-term increases in SCrea levels after cardiac surgery are associated with increased 30-day mortality. Adjustment for fluid balance strengthens this association. The change in SCrea between baseline and after admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ΔSCreaAdmICU) can serve as a simple, cheap and widely available marker for very early risk stratification after cardiac surgery.

11 keywords...

hide…