• Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Apr 2022

    Randomized Controlled Trial Meta Analysis

    Tranexamic acid safely reduces hidden blood loss in patients undergoing intertrochanteric fracture surgery: a randomized controlled trial.

    • Shaoyun Zhang, Cong Xiao, Wei Yu, Nengji Long, Fenglai He, Peng Cai, Kairong Luo, and Yishan Jiang.
    • Department of Orthopedics, The Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, No. 190 The East Jiannan Road, Mianyang, 621000, China.
    • Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg. 2022 Apr 1; 48 (2): 731-741.

    PurposeTo investigate the efficacy and safety of intravenous tranexamic acid (IV-TXA) in patients undergoing intertrochanteric fracture surgery.MethodsA total of 122 patients were included in this double-blinded trial and equally randomized to receive 1 g of IV-TXA or normal saline 10 min before incision and 3 h later. The primary efficacy outcome was calculated hidden blood loss (HBL). The secondary efficacy outcome was allogeneic erythrocyte transfusion rate during hospitalization. Safety outcome was a composite of thromboembolic events including deep venous thrombosis (DVT) up to 90 days. A meta-analysis combining this study with previous randomized controlled trials in hip fracture surgery (total sample size: 1112 patients) was also conducted.ResultsThe mean HBL in TXA group (640.96 ± 421.63 ml) was significantly lower than that in placebo group (1010.11 ± 398.96 ml, P < 0.001). The rate of erythrocyte transfusions was 29.5% in TXA group and 60.7% in placebo group (P = 0.001). The incidence of thromboembolic events at 90 days was 4.9% in TXA group and 1.6% in placebo group (P = 0.619). The updated meta-analysis showed that IV-TXA significantly reduced erythrocyte transfusion in hip fracture surgery (risk ratio 0.60, 95% confidence intervals 0.53-0.68), and IV-TXA caused no increased risk of thromboembolic events (risk difference 0.01, 95% confidence intervals - 0.02-0.04).ConclusionIV-TXA could effectively reduce the HBL and allogeneic erythrocyte transfusion requirements in patients undergoing intertrochanteric fracture surgery without an increase of thromboembolic events including DVT.Trial RegistrationClinical trials: safety and efficiency of tranexamic acid in hip fracture patients. Date of registration: August 31, 2018.Trial Registration NumberChiCTR1800018110.© 2020. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

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