• Michael S Wolf, Marina Serper, Lauren Opsasnick, Rachel M O'Conor, Laura Curtis, Julia Yoshino Benavente, Guisselle Wismer, Stephanie Batio, Morgan Eifler, Pauline Zheng, Andrea Russell, Marina Arvanitis, Daniela Ladner, Mary Kwasny, Stephen D Persell, Theresa Rowe, Jeffrey A Linder, and Stacy C Bailey.
• Center for Applied Health Research on Aging, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois (M.S.W., L.O., R.M.O., L.C., J.Y.B., G.W., S.B., M.E., P.Z., A.R., M.A., S.C.B.).
• Ann. Intern. Med. 2020 Jul 21; 173 (2): 100109100-109.

BackgroundThe evolving outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is requiring social distancing and other measures to protect public health. However, messaging has been inconsistent and unclear.ObjectiveTo determine COVID-19 awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and related behaviors among U.S. adults who are more vulnerable to complications of infection because of age and comorbid conditions.DesignCross-sectional survey linked to 3 active clinical trials and 1 cohort study.Setting5 academic internal medicine practices and 2 federally qualified health centers.Patients630 adults aged 23 to 88 years living with 1 or more chronic conditions.MeasurementsSelf-reported knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to COVID-19.ResultsA fourth (24.6%) of participants were "very worried" about getting the coronavirus. Nearly a third could not correctly identify symptoms (28.3%) or ways to prevent infection (30.2%). One in 4 adults (24.6%) believed that they were "not at all likely" to get the virus, and 21.9% reported that COVID-19 had little or no effect on their daily routine. One in 10 respondents was very confident that the federal government could prevent a nationwide outbreak. In multivariable analyses, participants who were black, were living below the poverty level, and had low health literacy were more likely to be less worried about COVID-19, to not believe that they would become infected, and to feel less prepared for an outbreak. Those with low health literacy had greater confidence in the federal government response.LimitationCross-sectional study of adults with underlying health conditions in 1 city during the initial week of the COVID-19 U.S. outbreak.ConclusionMany adults with comorbid conditions lacked critical knowledge about COVID-19 and, despite concern, were not changing routines or plans. Noted disparities suggest that greater public health efforts may be needed to mobilize the most vulnerable communities.Primary Funding SourceNational Institutes of Health.

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