• Fatma Yazılıtaş, Semanur Özdel, Doğan Şimşek, Özlem Aydoğ, Evrim Kargın Çakıcı, Gökçe Gür Can, Tülin Güngör, and Mehmet Bülbül.
• MD. Physician and Pediatric Nephrologist, Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Dr. Sami Ulus Kadin Doğum Çocuk Sağliği ve Hastaliklari Eğitim ve Araştirma Hastanesi, Sağlik Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Ankara, Turkey.
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2019 Nov 1; 137 (6): 517522517-522.

BackgroundJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the commonest chronic rheumatic disease among children. When not treated effectively, JIA can lead to functional disability, due to joint damage, along with long-term morbidities.ObjectivesTo describe the use of tocilizumab therapy for 11 patients with polyarticular JIA (pJIA) and systemic JIA (sJIA) who presented inadequate response or were refractory to disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and/or other biological therapies; and to evaluate its benefits, safety and tolerability.Design And SettingObservational retrospective case series at a tertiary-level training and research hospital.MethodsWe reviewed the medical records of 11 consecutive patients with JIA who received tocilizumab (anti-IL-6) therapy in our pediatric nephrology and rheumatology outpatient clinic. We analyzed their demographic data, clinical and laboratory findings, treatment response and adverse reactions. We determined the efficacy of tocilizumab treatment using the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) pediatric (Pedi) response criteria, including ACR Pedi 30, 50, 70 and 90 scores. We used the Wilcoxon test to compare measurements before and after treatment.ResultsTocilizumab was given to seven patients with sJIA and four with pJIA (one of the pJIA patients was rheumatoid factor-positive). In most patients, we observed improvement of symptoms, absence of articular and extra-articular inflammation and continued inactive disease. ACR Pedi 30, 50 and 70 scores were achieved by 90.9% of the patients. Five patients showed minor side effects, possibly due to use of tocilizumab.ConclusionsTocilizumab therapy should be considered for treating patients with diagnoses of pJIA or sJIA who are resistant to non-biological DMARDs and/or other biological therapies.

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